
On Roy Orbison’s sixth birthday in 1942, his father walked past the harmonicas in a Texas store and bought a guitar so the boy could learn to sing while he played.
Born in Vernon, Texas, on April 23, 1936, Roy grew up in a household shaped by twelve-hour shifts. His father, Orbie Lee Orbison, drilled oil wells and repaired cars, while his mother, Nadine, worked as a nurse. Born with severely poor eyesight that required thick corrective lenses from childhood, Roy stayed away from the rough outdoor games common in West Texas oil patches. Instead, he spent his evenings in the living room, where Orbie Lee came home with grease still worked into his calloused hands and sat beside Uncle Charlie to guide Roy’s fingers through his first chords on “You Are My Sunshine.”
Those living room lessons quickly gave the shy boy a voice outside his house. On nights when relatives gathered to sing through the lean war years, Roy was allowed to stay up past bedtime to keep rhythm with the adults. By 1944, at age eight, he won first prize in a youth talent contest on local radio station KVWC in Vernon. When the family relocated to the oil town of Wink in late 1946, the birthday guitar traveled carefully in the family car.
In 1949, thirteen-year-old Roy gathered his Wink High School classmates to form his first band, the Wink Westerners. With Billy Pat Ellis on drums, Charles “Slob” Evans on bass fiddle, Richard West on piano, and James Morrow on electric mandolin, the boys played Lefty Frizzell country numbers, western swing, and Glenn Miller standards.
What started at a school assembly soon turned into real income across the Permian Basin. By 1953, local businessmen sponsored the Wink Westerners on a weekly morning radio program on KERB in nearby Kermit before school started. When a local dance paid the teenaged band four hundred dollars for a single night’s work, Roy realized music could pay more than the oil rigs. That same year, the group won a talent contest on KMID-TV in Midland, and Roy personally persuaded the program’s sponsor to back their own weekly television spots on Friday nights in Midland and Saturday nights on KOSA-TV in Odessa.
Even with local television exposure, a livelihood in music still seemed uncertain in West Texas. After graduating high school in 1954, Roy enrolled at North Texas State College in Denton to study geology, planning to fall back on oil-field work if the band faded. In a college dorm room, however, fellow students Wade Moore and Dick Penner played him a fast rockabilly tune they had just written called “Ooby Dooby”.
Around the same time, Roy watched a young Elvis Presley perform in Texas and returned home for a New Year’s Eve dance in late 1954, where the Wink Westerners closed the night by playing Bill Haley’s “Shake, Rattle and Roll” over and over for a crowded floor. By the fall of 1955, Roy left geology behind, transferred to Odessa Junior College, and reshaped the group—adding Jack Kennelly on bass and Johnny Wilson on rhythm guitar—into a full-time rockabilly outfit renamed the Teen Kings.
Their television show in Odessa brought them across paths with touring Sun Records artist Johnny Cash, who encouraged Roy to look toward Memphis. First, the Teen Kings drove across the state line to Clovis, New Mexico, in March 1956 to cut their earliest studio recordings of “Ooby Dooby” and “Tryin’ to Get to You” at Norman Petty’s studio for the local Je-Wel label.
Days after that pressing came out in March 1956, Odessa record shop owner Cecil “Poppa” Hollifield held a telephone receiver up to a speaker so Sun Records founder Sam Phillips could hear the Teen Kings’ record all the way in Memphis. Phillips told them to be at his studio in three days. On Monday, March 26, 1956, Roy and the boys walked into Sun Studio to re-record “Ooby Dooby,” earning a contract and a national chart debut that finally carried him beyond the Texas oil fields.
Everything that followed in Clovis and Memphis still traced back to Orbie Lee Orbison coming home from the rigs in 1942 with a guitar instead of a harmonica, making sure his six-year-old son would never have to choose between playing a note and singing one.